Amendment XIV

  "Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.

Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.

Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.

Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article."

    The 14th amendment gave citizenship to any person who was a former slave or indentured servant and made it so that and people then and in the future that were born on U.S. soil became a natural born citizen of the U.S.. This amendment also made it illegal for people to consider slaves and servants lost to this amendment as a loss of property and demand "compensation for property" since the people therein were no longer property.

    The video above goes over how the citizenship clause extended to freed slaves of the time and how it impacted the case Dred Scott v. Sanford a case where a former slave was trying to sure his previous owner but the courts said he wasn't allowed to sue since he wasn't a citizen.

    This video goes over specifically Section 4. of the 14th Amendment and how not only did it reject the compensation of freed slaves but also how the Union States rejected the debt acquired by the Confederate States. Since the Confederacy had to go to other countries and bank in other countries to fund the war the Union denied the validity of the debt and refused to pay any of it but does not refute the debt acquired by the United States.